Dr. Amir Hooshang Mirkooshesh
Dr. Amir Hooshang Mirkooshesh, Professor of International Relations at the Islamic Azad University, and the Editor-in-Chief of the Iranian Journal of International Relations, linked the current process of renegotiation to JCPOA with the coming to power of Mr. Biden and his political will to return to JCPOA.According to Dr. Mirkooshesh in the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to the bad economic situation and the increasing problems caused by the Corona pandemic, this will was created to return to the negotiating table.
At first, the Iranian side took a tough stance with maximum demands for the lifting of all sanctions and verification, that Iran's position being moderated by the mediation of Europe, China and Russia, and renegotiation has been started in Vienna. According to Dr. Mirkoshesh, with the presence of the P4 + 1 countries and the flexibility of the two sides, these negotiations are close to the final result and the agreement can be finalized in two ways:
1. The lifting of all nuclear sanctions by the United States and the simultaneous return of Iran to all its obligations under JCPOA
2. Lifting the step by step of sanctions and returning step by step of Iran to its obligations under JCPOA, in any case, the success of the new negotiations depends on the political will of both sides and the mediation of the P4 + 1 members.
This analyst of international affairs and university professor also acknowledged that the future of the IAEA depends on the continuation of talks between Iran and the United States on other issues, including regional issues and Iran's missile program. The failure of JCPOA and the withdrawal of the United States from JCPOA occurred as a result of the lack of additional negotiations known as JCPOA Plus and the disregard for US interests. Given the range of JCPOA opponents in both countries, including the far right, the role of the two countries' leaders in shaping complementary negotiations is crucial here as well. Saudi Arabia and Israel are opposed to JCPOA and the lifting of sanctions, so the need for Iran-Saudi talks and reaching common ground, as well as not re-emphasizing the destruction of Israel, could affect the formation of JCPOA Plus. Negotiations between Iran and Saudi Arabia have recently taken place in Iraq under the mediation of the Iraqi Prime Minister to resolve bilateral issues, and its successful outcome could affect the stability of the outcome as well as the resumption of negotiations with the United States.
From Dr. Mirkooshesh point of view, it should be noted that the security fears of the countries in the region about Iran lead to an arms race, and ultimately to war, and the only way to prevent this is to value diplomacy and negotiations. Fair negotiations and recognition of the interests of the two countries can affect the success of these negotiations. On the other hand, Iran can put the Palestinian conflict on a common path by creating an atmosphere of trust and confidence with the Arab countries in the region, and avoid the consequences of unilateralism on this issue, which will lead to a tough confrontation with Israel. The prerequisite for the success of the Iran-Saudi Arabia talks and the current JCPOA talks, as well as the possible JCPOA Plus talks between Iran and the United States, is the appreciation of diplomacy and its dominance over field policies, and this requires a fundamental revision of Iran's regional and international policy and strategy.
